Which selective immunoglobulin deficiency is associated with a high risk of reaction to blood products?

The association of selective IgA deficiency with a high risk of reactions to blood products is well-documented in clinical literature. Individuals with IgA deficiency lack the immunoglobulin type that plays a crucial role in mucosal immunity and is typically found in secretions such as saliva, tears, and mucous membranes.

When these individuals receive blood products that contain IgA (which is common in blood transfusions), they are at risk for an anaphylactic reaction. This happens because they may develop anti-IgA antibodies, leading to immune recognition and response when exposed to IgA from transfused products.

Thus, while the other immunoglobulin deficiencies mentioned (IgE, IgG, and IgM) have their own associated risks and clinical implications, the specific risk of severe allergic reactions to blood products is particularly linked to the absence of IgA. This makes it critical for healthcare providers to be aware of IgA deficiency when planning for blood transfusion in affected individuals to prevent serious complications.