Which of the following lab values is NOT commonly associated with lithium therapy?

The choice of hypernatremia as the lab value not commonly associated with lithium therapy is accurate because lithium primarily affects sodium levels in a different manner. Lithium is known to cause a decrease in renal responsiveness to antidiuretic hormone, which can lead to nephrogenic diabetes insipidus and, subsequently, impacts fluid balance rather than directly causing hypernatremia.

Patients on lithium therapy may experience disturbances in sodium balance, often leading to mild hyponatremia rather than hypernatremia. The other options — hypothyroidism, hypercalcemia, and hyperglycemia — are more closely related to the effects of lithium therapy. Chronic use of lithium can lead to hypothyroidism due to its impact on thyroid function, hypercalcemia may occur due to lithium's effects on parathyroid hormone regulation, and while not extremely common, glucose levels can be influenced by the medication, particularly in the context of lithium-induced diabetes insipidus. Therefore, hypernatremia is not typically seen as a direct consequence of lithium therapy.