Which cranial nerve is responsible for moving the tongue?

The cranial nerve responsible for moving the tongue is the twelfth cranial nerve, also known as the hypoglossal nerve. This nerve primarily innervates the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue, which are essential for various functions such as swallowing, speech, and manipulating food in the mouth. Its role is critical in both voluntary and involuntary movements of the tongue, allowing for coordinated actions necessary for clear speech and effective eating.

In contrast, the other cranial nerves listed do not play a role in tongue movement. The eighth cranial nerve (vestibulocochlear nerve) is primarily involved in hearing and balance, while the sixth cranial nerve (abducens) controls the lateral movement of the eyes. The fourth cranial nerve (trochlear) is responsible for innervating the superior oblique muscle of the eye, facilitating downward and lateral eye movement. Thus, the hypoglossal nerve is uniquely positioned to control tongue dynamics, making it the correct answer in this context.