What is the first step in the WHO's ladder for pain management?

The first step in the WHO's ladder for pain management is the use of non-opioid medications such as aspirin, acetaminophen, or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). This initial approach is recommended for patients experiencing mild to moderate pain. These medications are often effective in managing pain with a favorable safety profile and lower risk of dependency compared to stronger medications.

Starting with these non-opioid analgesics allows healthcare providers to address pain effectively while minimizing potential side effects and complications associated with more potent opioids. If pain is not adequately managed at this level, the WHO's ladder recommends a step-up approach, moving to stronger medications as necessary, which underscores the importance of a systematic and rational approach to pain management.