What is one main difference between DKA and HHNK regarding blood glucose levels?

In diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), blood glucose levels typically exceed 300 mg/dL, but generally do not reach the extreme elevations seen in hyperglycemic hyperosmolar non-ketotic state (HHNK). In HHNK, glucose levels are significantly elevated, often surpassing 600 mg/dL and can even reach extraordinarily high levels, sometimes exceeding 1000 mg/dL.

This distinction is critical because it helps healthcare providers differentiate between the two conditions, which have different underlying pathophysiologies and treatment protocols. DKA is characterized by the presence of ketones and acidosis, while HHNK typically occurs in patients who are more dehydrated and have a greater degree of insulin resistance, leading to the higher glucose levels without the accumulation of ketones. Understanding these differences aids in the rapid identification and management of these urgent medical conditions.