What findings are indicative of chronic Hepatitis B infection?

Chronic Hepatitis B infection is characterized by the persistence of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in the bloodstream for more than six months. The presence of HBsAg is the hallmark of active Hepatitis B infection, whether acute or chronic.

In the option you have chosen, the presence of HBsAg indicates that the virus is actively replicating, while the presence of Anti-HBe suggests a lower level of viral replication and may indicate a more stable phase of the infection. This combination is often seen in individuals with chronic Hepatitis B infection, particularly when the disease is in a phase where the risk of liver complications may be lower.

Other combinations of serological markers, such as HBeAg, suggest a higher level of viral activity and are more typically associated with acute infections or chronic infections with active viral replication. Anti-HBc combined with Anti-HBsAg indicates a resolved infection, while anti-HAV and IgG refer to past infection with Hepatitis A virus, which is not relevant in the context of Hepatitis B. Thus, the selection accurately reflects findings pathognomonic for chronic Hepatitis B.